The World Trade Organization (WTO) Secretariat has completed the review of the trade policies and practices of Madagascar. This is the fourth review since the country accessed to the WTO, on 17 November 1995. All members of the Organization have their trade policy periodically reviewed, the frequency of which varies depending on a country’s share of world trade. The trade policies review of Madagascar depicts a situation of a country whose potential is high, particularly in the agriculture, mining and tourism sectors, as well as in the textile industry. However, the challenges are equally important: high exposure to climate shocks (mainly droughts and cyclones) and an infrastructure which is in a very poor state -particularly roads and electrical grid - represent significant barriers to the economic growth and trade of the island.